{"id":2241,"date":"2020-08-18T19:07:50","date_gmt":"2020-08-18T19:07:50","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.gidaperakendecileri.org\/?p=2241"},"modified":"2021-02-05T12:58:45","modified_gmt":"2021-02-05T12:58:45","slug":"mckinsey-kuresel-tedarik-zincirinde-direnclilik-ve-karlilik-icin-harekete-gecme-zamani","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.gidaperakendecileri.org\/?p=2241","title":{"rendered":"McKinsey: K\u00fcresel Tedarik Zincirinde Diren\u00e7lilik ve K\u00e2rl\u0131l\u0131k \u0130\u00e7in Harekete Ge\u00e7me Zaman\u0131"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t
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McKinsey & Company, COVID-19\u2019un k\u00fcresel tedarik zincirinde yaratt\u0131\u011f\u0131 k\u0131r\u0131lganl\u0131klar kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda \u00f6ncelik kazanan diren\u00e7lilik konusunda kapsaml\u0131 bir \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmaya imza att\u0131. McKinsey Global Enstit\u00fcs\u00fc, k\u00fcresel \u00e7apta 23 end\u00fcstride do\u011fal afetlerden siber sald\u0131r\u0131lara \u00e7ok \u00e7e\u015fitli kriz senaryolar\u0131n\u0131 inceleyerek \u015foklar\u0131n maliyetlerini ve \u00fcretimde olas\u0131 de\u011fi\u015fimi ele alan bir \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma yay\u0131nlad\u0131. <\/strong><\/span><\/h3>

\u2018Risk, Diren\u00e7lilik ve Global De\u011fer Zincirlerini Yeniden Dengelemek\u2019 adl\u0131 rapora g\u00f6re, end\u00fcstriler ortalama her 3,7 y\u0131lda, bir ay s\u00fcren y\u0131k\u0131c\u0131 etkilere maruz kal\u0131yor. Bunlar ortalama on y\u0131ll\u0131k s\u00fcre\u00e7te \u015firketlerin y\u0131ll\u0131k k\u00e2rl\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n y\u00fczde 40\u2019\u0131na mal olabiliyor. Ekstrem bir krizde ise bu \u00e7ok daha b\u00fcy\u00fck bir maliyet kayb\u0131 anlam\u0131na geliyor. McKinsey uzmanlar\u0131 bu y\u0131k\u0131c\u0131 etkilerden korunmak isteyen kurumlar\u0131n tedarik zincirlerini yeniden yap\u0131land\u0131rmalar\u0131 gerekti\u011fini vurguluyor. Pek \u00e7ok kurum ve h\u00fck\u00fcmetin aksiyon ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 bu alanda, gelecek 5 y\u0131lda k\u00fcresel ticaret ak\u0131\u015f\u0131 y\u00fczde 25\u2019e varan oranlarda farkl\u0131 \u00fclkelere ta\u015f\u0131nabilir.
Y\u00f6netim dan\u0131\u015fmanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 firmas\u0131 McKinsey & Company, COVID-19 k\u00fcresel salg\u0131n\u0131 ile birlikte kritik \u00f6nemi artan \u2018diren\u00e7lilik\u2019 konusunda derinlemesine analizler ve \u00f6neriler sunmaya devam ediyor. \u015eirketin i\u015f ve ekonomi ara\u015ft\u0131rma kolu McKinsey Global Enstit\u00fcs\u00fc (MGI), uluslararas\u0131 \u00f6l\u00e7ekte 23 end\u00fcstriyel de\u011fer zincirini pandemi, \u00e7at\u0131\u015fma, siber sald\u0131r\u0131, ticari anla\u015fmazl\u0131klar, do\u011fal afetler ve iklime ba\u011fl\u0131 riskler olmak \u00fczere farkl\u0131 krizler kapsam\u0131nda de\u011ferlendirdi. <\/span><\/p>

Son y\u0131llarda do\u011fal afet ve siber tehditler gibi unsurlar k\u00fcresel \u00e7apta sanayide \u00e7ok daha s\u0131k ve yo\u011fun bir \u015fekilde \u015foklar yarat\u0131yor. COVID-19 k\u00fcresel salg\u0131n\u0131 bunlar\u0131n en \u015fiddetlisi oldu. Bu da diren\u00e7lili\u011fi end\u00fcstride ba\u015far\u0131n\u0131n temel fakt\u00f6rlerinden biri k\u0131ld\u0131. \u0130\u015f d\u00fcnyas\u0131 de\u011fer zincirlerini diren\u00e7li hale getirmenin yollar\u0131n\u0131 ararken MGI da end\u00fcstrilerin bulunduklar\u0131 co\u011frafya, \u00fcretim alanlar\u0131 ve di\u011fer de\u011fi\u015fkenleri de baz alarak farkl\u0131 kriz ko\u015fullar\u0131nda diren\u00e7lili\u011fi analiz etti.<\/span><\/p>

MGI\u2019\u0131n haz\u0131rlad\u0131\u011f\u0131 kriz senaryolar\u0131na g\u00f6re \u00e7o\u011fu end\u00fcstri, ortalama on y\u0131lda bir y\u0131ll\u0131k karlar\u0131n\u0131n y\u00fczde 40\u2019\u0131n\u0131 ya\u015fanan \u015foklarda kaybetme potansiyeli ta\u015f\u0131yor. Krizler, hasar g\u00f6ren fiziksel varl\u0131klar\u0131n yeniden yap\u0131lanma maliyetleri ve operasyonlar\u0131n\u0131 devam ettirme ba\u015far\u0131s\u0131 g\u00f6steren rakiplere kar\u015f\u0131 pazar pay\u0131 kaybetme gibi kurumsal bazda riskler te\u015fkil ediyor. Ayn\u0131 zamanda insanlar\u0131n hayatlar\u0131n\u0131 kaybetmeleri, i\u015fsizlik, g\u0131da vb. temel ihtiya\u00e7lara eri\u015fememek gibi toplumsal refah\u0131 yaralayan riskler de kurumlar\u0131 derinden etkiliyor.<\/span><\/p>

Orta Vadede K\u00fcresel Ticari Ak\u0131\u015f\u0131n Y\u00fczde 15-25\u2019i Farkl\u0131 B\u00f6lgelere Aktar\u0131labilir<\/span><\/strong>
Kurumlar\u0131n t\u00fcm bu risklere kar\u015f\u0131 diren\u00e7lili\u011fini ve k\u00e2rl\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 artt\u0131rabilmelerinin temel fakt\u00f6rlerinden biri de tedarik a\u011flar\u0131nda g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc bir de\u011fer zinciri yaratmak. Bug\u00fcn tek bir co\u011frafyada yo\u011funla\u015fan tedarik a\u011flar\u0131 kriz anlar\u0131nda darbo\u011fazlar\u0131n ya\u015fanmas\u0131na neden olabiliyor. MGI raporuna g\u00f6re, y\u0131ll\u0131k 135 milyar Dolar de\u011fer yaratan 180 \u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fcn ana tedarik\u00e7isi, tek bir \u00fclke. \u00d6te yandan \u00e7ok uluslu \u015firketlerin binlerce tedarik\u00e7isi olabiliyor ancak tedarik a\u011flar\u0131n\u0131n i\u00e7 i\u00e7e ge\u00e7mi\u015f olmas\u0131ndan \u00f6t\u00fcr\u00fc bunlar\u0131n \u00e7o\u011fu g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcr de\u011fil.<\/span><\/p>

T\u00fcm bunlar tedarik zincirinin ba\u015ftan yap\u0131lanaca\u011f\u0131 anlam\u0131na m\u0131 geliyor? Rapora g\u00f6re bu sorunun yan\u0131t\u0131 hem evet hem de hay\u0131r. End\u00fcstriyel tedarik a\u011flar\u0131n\u0131n bug\u00fcnk\u00fc \u015feklini almas\u0131n\u0131n ard\u0131nda ekonomik bir mant\u0131k var. Bu a\u011f\u0131n \u00f6l\u00e7e\u011fi, karma\u015f\u0131k ve birbirine ba\u011fl\u0131 yap\u0131lar\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcld\u00fc\u011f\u00fcnde de\u011fer zincirlerini yeniden yap\u0131land\u0131rmak olduk\u00e7a zor.<\/span>
Bununla birlikte MGI de\u011ferlendirmelerine g\u00f6re, k\u00fcresel \u00e7apta ihra\u00e7 edilen \u00fcr\u00fcnlerin y\u00fczde 15 il\u00e2 25\u2019i -ki bu y\u0131ll\u0131k 2,9-4,6 trilyon Dolar de\u011ferinde ticaret anlam\u0131na geliyor- gelecek 5 y\u0131lda ba\u015fka \u00fclkelere ta\u015f\u0131nabilir. Bu kararlar\u0131n al\u0131nmas\u0131nda ise temelde iki fakt\u00f6r etkili olacak:<\/span>
1.<\/strong> \u00dcretimi ba\u015fka yere ta\u015f\u0131man\u0131n maliyeti gibi ekonomik nedenler<\/span>
2.<\/strong> Kritik bulunan \u00fcr\u00fcnlerin yerli imalat\u0131na karar verilmesi gibi politik nedenler<\/span><\/p>

Kurumlarda Diren\u00e7lili\u011fi Artt\u0131rman\u0131n Pek \u00c7ok Etkili Yolu Var<\/span><\/strong>
MGI raporuna g\u00f6re, tedarik zincirinde diren\u00e7lilik kazanmak i\u00e7in \u00fcretim lokasyonlar\u0131n\u0131 de\u011fi\u015ftirmenin yan\u0131nda pek \u00e7ok farkl\u0131 fakt\u00f6r de de\u011ferlendirilmeli. \u00d6rne\u011fin, operasyonel se\u00e7imler ve tedarik a\u011f\u0131 yap\u0131s\u0131, y\u0131k\u0131c\u0131 ko\u015fullar kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda \u015firketin k\u0131r\u0131lganl\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 artt\u0131rabilir ya da azaltabilir. S\u0131f\u0131r-stoklu \u00fcretim, tek bir tedarik\u00e7iye ba\u011fl\u0131 kalmak, ikamesi az olan \u00f6zel mallara ba\u011fl\u0131 \u00fcretim ve bor\u00e7 y\u00fck\u00fc gibi fakt\u00f6rler kriz anlar\u0131nda g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc finansal \u015foklar ya\u015fanmas\u0131na sebep olabilir.<\/span>
\u015eirketler bu riskleri \u00f6nleyecek ad\u0131mlar\u0131 kriz gelmeden atabilir: Tedarik zincirlerinde yer alan alt tedarik\u00e7ilerini detayl\u0131ca listelemek ve onlar\u0131 daha iyi bir g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcrl\u00fck ve \u015feffafl\u0131k i\u00e7in dijital bir yap\u0131da birbirine ba\u011fl\u0131 bir sistem olarak yap\u0131land\u0131rmak, \u00e7oklu \u00fcretim \u00fcslerini kullanarak esnek bir \u00fcretim a\u011f\u0131 kurmak, envanter tutmak ve \u015firket bilan\u00e7olar\u0131n\u0131 g\u00fc\u00e7lendirmek gibi\u2026<\/span>
\u00d6te yandan h\u00fck\u00fcmetler de ya\u015fanan bu de\u011fi\u015fimden g\u00fc\u00e7lenerek \u00e7\u0131kmak i\u00e7in \u00fcretim a\u011flar\u0131n\u0131 \u00fclkelerine \u00e7ekecek aksiyonlar alabilir. \u00d6rne\u011fin; daha g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc bir tedarik\u00e7i ekosistemi geli\u015ftirmek, alan\u0131nda uzmanla\u015fm\u0131\u015f bir istihdam yaratmak, altyap\u0131lar\u0131 g\u00fc\u00e7lendirmek ve i\u015f d\u00fcnyas\u0131 i\u00e7in cazip bir ticari ortam sunmak bunlardan birka\u00e7\u0131.<\/span><\/p>

Uluslararas\u0131 Ticaret Alan\u0131nda G\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc F\u0131rsatlar ve Riskler<\/span><\/strong>
Her d\u00f6rt operasyondan birinin yer de\u011fi\u015ftirme potansiyeli ta\u015f\u0131d\u0131\u011f\u0131 bu yeni d\u00f6nemde T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin f\u0131rsatlar ve risklerle kar\u015f\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131ya oldu\u011funa de\u011finen McKinsey & Company T\u00fcrkiye \u00dclke Direkt\u00f6r\u00fc Can Kendi; \u201cCOVID-19 k\u00fcresel salg\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6ncesinde t\u00fcm d\u00fcnyada maliyet yap\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131n de\u011fi\u015fti\u011fi ve sanayide dijital teknolojiler devriminin ya\u015fand\u0131\u011f\u0131 bir s\u00fcre\u00e7 ba\u015flam\u0131\u015ft\u0131. Aral\u0131k 2019\u2019da yay\u0131nlad\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z ara\u015ft\u0131rmada, k\u00fcresel \u00e7apta y\u00f6neticilerin y\u00fczde 70\u2019i k\u00fcreselle\u015fme ve kaynak y\u00f6netimi stratejilerinde de\u011fi\u015fiklik \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fcs\u00fcnde bulunmu\u015ftu. Ayn\u0131 ara\u015ft\u0131rmada kat\u0131l\u0131mc\u0131lar\u0131n y\u00fczde 32\u2019si operasyonlar\u0131n\u0131 son kullan\u0131c\u0131ya yak\u0131nla\u015ft\u0131rd\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ve y\u00fczde 24\u2019\u00fc de tedarik\u00e7ilerini \u00e7e\u015fitlendirdi\u011fini belirtmi\u015fti. Ancak COVID-19 bu aksiyonlar\u0131n h\u0131zlanmas\u0131n\u0131 gerektirdi. Bug\u00fcn y\u00f6neticilerin y\u00fczde 90\u2019\u0131 tedarik zincirinde diren\u00e7lili\u011fe yat\u0131r\u0131m yapmay\u0131 planl\u0131yor. Bu durum, son ara\u015ft\u0131rmam\u0131z\u0131n ortaya koydu\u011fu \u00fczere tedarik zinciri a\u011flar\u0131nda k\u0131smi de olsa bir yeniden yap\u0131lanma anlam\u0131na geliyor. K\u00fcresel ticaret a\u011f\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcld\u00fc\u011f\u00fcnde bunun y\u00fczde 15 il\u00e2 25\u2019inin yer de\u011fi\u015ftirmesi demek pek \u00e7ok f\u0131rsat\u0131n ve riskin bir arada olaca\u011f\u0131 yeni bir s\u00fcre\u00e7 anlam\u0131n\u0131 ta\u015f\u0131yor. B\u00f6yle bir ortamda sanayiden lojisti\u011fe her alanda g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc bir at\u0131l\u0131m i\u00e7erisinde olan T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin bu d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcmde \u00f6nc\u00fc bir rol alacak \u015fekilde kendini haz\u0131rlamas\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6nemli oldu\u011funu d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcyoruz. Bir yandan altyap\u0131, i\u015f g\u00fcc\u00fc ve teknoloji alanlar\u0131na yat\u0131r\u0131m yap\u0131l\u0131rken bir yandan da de\u011fi\u015fen uluslararas\u0131 ticaret dinamiklerine uygun uygulamalar\u0131n hayata ge\u00e7mesi T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin g\u00fcc\u00fcne g\u00fc\u00e7 katacakt\u0131r. \u0130nan\u0131yoruz ki \u00fclkemiz i\u015f birli\u011fi i\u00e7erisinde hareket ederek ve i\u015fin gelece\u011fine yat\u0131r\u0131m yaparak, potansiyelini ger\u00e7e\u011fe d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcrecektir\u201d dedi.<\/span><\/p><\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

McKinsey & Company, COVID-19\u2019un k\u00fcresel tedarik zincirinde yaratt\u0131\u011f\u0131 k\u0131r\u0131lganl\u0131klar kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda \u00f6ncelik kazanan diren\u00e7lilik konusunda kapsaml\u0131 bir \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmaya imza att\u0131. McKinsey Global Enstit\u00fcs\u00fc, k\u00fcresel \u00e7apta 23 end\u00fcstride do\u011fal afetlerden siber sald\u0131r\u0131lara \u00e7ok \u00e7e\u015fitli kriz senaryolar\u0131n\u0131 inceleyerek \u015foklar\u0131n maliyetlerini ve \u00fcretimde olas\u0131 de\u011fi\u015fimi ele alan bir \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma yay\u0131nlad\u0131. \u2018Risk, Diren\u00e7lilik ve Global De\u011fer Zincirlerini Yeniden Dengelemek\u2019 adl\u0131 […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":2245,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"footnotes":""},"categories":[23,32],"tags":[],"class_list":{"0":"post-2241","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","5":"has-post-thumbnail","7":"category-haberler","8":"category-sektorden-haberler-haberler"},"featured_image_src":"https:\/\/www.gidaperakendecileri.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/08\/mckinsey-tedarik.jpg","author_info":{"display_name":"ph16171887571_m2ho1594","author_link":"https:\/\/www.gidaperakendecileri.org\/?author=1"},"yoast_head":"\nMcKinsey: K\u00fcresel Tedarik Zincirinde Diren\u00e7lilik ve K\u00e2rl\u0131l\u0131k \u0130\u00e7in Harekete Ge\u00e7me Zaman\u0131 - GPD<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.gidaperakendecileri.org\/?p=2241\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"McKinsey: K\u00fcresel Tedarik Zincirinde Diren\u00e7lilik ve K\u00e2rl\u0131l\u0131k \u0130\u00e7in Harekete Ge\u00e7me Zaman\u0131 - GPD\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"McKinsey & Company, COVID-19\u2019un k\u00fcresel tedarik zincirinde yaratt\u0131\u011f\u0131 k\u0131r\u0131lganl\u0131klar kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda \u00f6ncelik kazanan diren\u00e7lilik konusunda kapsaml\u0131 bir \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmaya imza att\u0131. 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